Unearthing the Diamond Planet: A Journey to Uncover 55 Cancri e’s Second Atmosphere

Astronomers have discovered a diamond-like planet in the super-Earth group of exoplanets using the James Webb telescope. This hot lava planet, known as 55 Cancri e, is nearly twice as wide as Earth and nine times more massive. It’s located about 41 light-years from our solar system and is hypothesized to be mainly composed of carbon compressed into diamond due to its high density.

The intense radiation from its host star, 55 Cancri A, caused 55 Cancri e to lose its original atmosphere. However, recent research published in Nature has revealed the presence of a thick layer of gas surrounding the planet, indicating the development of a second atmosphere. The second atmosphere could be supported by gas escaping from the planet’s rock layer due to its proximity to the host star and the intense heat it receives. Initial observations using the Hubble space telescope suggested that 55 Cancri e’s atmosphere contained hydrogen and helium. Further studies using the James Webb Space Telescope ruled out the possibility of a hot lava world and indicated that volcanic activity on the planet may have played a role in developing its second atmosphere.

While we don’t know for sure what’s in this unique exoplanet’s atmosphere yet, models suggest it may contain significant amounts of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Discovering such an exotic planet showcases how diverse and complex planetary systems beyond our own can be!